A Dictionary of Jews and Jewish Life by Dan Cohn-Sherbok

Author:Dan Cohn-Sherbok
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Impress Books
Published: 2018-04-29T00:00:00+00:00

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Klutznick, Philip Morris (1907–1999) American communal leader and diplomat. He was born in Kansas City. He held a succession of appointments connected with community planning. In 1935–6 he was a special assistant on housing to the US attorney general, in 1938–41 general counsel for the Omaha Housing Authority, and in 1944–46 federal housing commissioner. From 1961 to 1963 he served as Ambassador to the United Nations Economic and Social Council. He held several positions in Jewish organisations, including International President of B’nai Brith, General Chairman of the United Jewish Appeal, and Vice-President of the Jewish Welfare Board.

Knaydl (Yiddish) A dumpling made of matzo meal.

Knesset (‘assembly’) The Parliament of Israel. It consists of a single chamber of 120 members, who are elected by proportional representation for a four-year term. It is the supreme authority in the state. Created in 1949, the Knesset initially met in Tel Aviv but later moved to Jerusalem.

Knishes (Yiddish) Little dumplings. It is also used figuratively as a term of abuse.

Kobrin, Leon (1873–1946) American Yiddish dramatist and novelist. He was born in Russia, and emigrated to the US in 1892, where he worked in a sweatshop. His stories and plays describe Jewish life in the US during the period of immigration, depicting the problems of nationalism, assimilation, and relations between parents and children.

Kodashim (‘Holy things’) Fifth order of the Mishnah. It deals with the laws of ritual slaughter, sacrifice and other topics connected with the Temple ritual.

Koenig, Leo (1889–1970) British Yiddish author, critic and journalist. He was born in Odessa. He wrote art criticism for leading Yiddish periodicals in Paris before moving to London in 1914; he then worked for the Yiddish press in England and abroad. In 1952 he settled in Haifa.

Koestler, Arthur (1905–1983) English author. Born in Budapest, he travelled widely, settling in England in 1940. Initiallly a communist in the 1930s, he later repudiated communism. His works include novels, essays and reminiscences. Thieves in the Night portrays kibbutz life in Palestine, and Promise and Fulfilment deals with Zionism.

Kogan [Kahana], David (1838–1915) Ukrainian scholar. He was born in Odessa. He wrote numerous studies of Jewish history and literature, including House of the Kabbalists, Sabbataians and Hasidim.

Kohen, Tzedek ben Joseph (fl. 10th cent.) Babylonian gaon. He was gaon of Pumbedita from 917 to 936. He was appointed gaon by the exilarch David ben Zakkai I, but the scholars of the academy refused to recognise him and elected Mevasser Kahana instead. As a result both men served simultaneously as geonim, but after Mevasser’s death in 926 Kohen Tzedek ben Joseph assumed the post alone.

Kohler, Kaufmann (1843–1926) American Reform leader. He was born in Fürth in Bavaria and emigrated to the US in 1869. He served as rabbi of the Congregation of Beth El in Detroit, Sinai Congregation in Chicago, and Temple Beth El in New York. He was a leading figure at the Pittsburgh Conference of Reform Jews in 1885, at which the Pittsburgh Platform (a statement of the tenets of American Reform Judaism) was adopted. In 1903 he became President of the Hebrew Union College.

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